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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing?
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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing (1998)(Marshall Media)[Mac-PC].iso
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00213_Field_frep67x.txt
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1996-12-30
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54 lines
THE NEURAL BASIS OF COLOR
CONSTANCY
Since type 1 cells in the
lateral geniculate body seem
not to be geared to make color-
spatial comparisons, we
probably have to look beyond
the retina and geniculate. To
test the idea that such
computations might go on in
the cortex, Land's group and
Margaret Livingstone and I
examined a man who had had
his corpus callosum severed
surgically to treat epilepsy.
Spatial-color interactions did
not take place across the
visual-field midline, that is,
the color of a spot just to the
left of the point at which the
subject was looking was not
affected by drastic changes in
the colors in the right visual
field, whereas normal subjects
observed marked differences
with such changes. This
suggests that the retina by
itself cannot mediate the color-
spatial interactions. Although
no one had seriously claimed
that it could, the question
continued to be debated, and it
was satisfying to have some
experimental evidence. The
experimental results are
consistent with our failure to
find retinal ganglion cells that
could plausibly be involved in
color-spatial interactions.
The goldfish, which makes
spatial comparisons very much
like ours, has virtually no
cerebral cortex. Perhaps the
fish, unlike us, does make such
computations with its retina.
Nigel Daws' discovery in 1968 of
double opponent cells in the
fish retina seems to bear this
out. In the monkey, as I
describe in the next section,
we find such cells in the cortex
but not in the lateral
geniculate or the retina.